A few bits and pieces seen whilst out walking on the eastern edge of the Brecks today:
Nuthatch in East Harling
Kingfisher along the River Thet near Bridgham (sadly the Black-bellied Dipper didn't fly past but I was few miles east of Thetford!)
50+ Bramblings in weedy field with 200+ Chaffinches just south of the railway line at Bridgham.
Shikra - some useful ID features
Shikra is a relatively poorly known Western Palearctic species which can only reliably be seen within the region in Kuwait. Here it is a scarce passage migrant and also a scarce winter visitor. The following tips to aid successful identification are based on my own personal observations on several trips to Kuwait (and sightings in India and The Gambia) and many discussions with Pekka Fagel who lives in the state and has become a dab hand at picking out these tricky accipters. It is not designed to be the definitive id article but merely a pointer in the right direction.
Field guides consistently add to the id problem by getting things wrong and not mentioning what we consider to be the best features to look for. These are:
1) At all ages Shikra has 5, sometimes 6 distinct bands on the underside of the tail. This can be difficult to see in the field but is easily seen on photos. A tip here is to try to get a photo of any suspect bird because that can be the key to identification is many cases.
2) Shikra has a flight silhouette that is somewhere between Sparrowhawk and Levant Sparrowhawk in that it has 5 distinct primary 'fingers' on a soaring bird. Sparrowhawk has 6 whilst Levant Sparrowhawk has only 4 which gives it a very falcon like silhouette.
3) At all ages and in both sexes Shikra shows a distinct dark gular stripe which is absent in Sparrowhawk.
Field guides consistently add to the id problem by getting things wrong and not mentioning what we consider to be the best features to look for. These are:
1) At all ages Shikra has 5, sometimes 6 distinct bands on the underside of the tail. This can be difficult to see in the field but is easily seen on photos. A tip here is to try to get a photo of any suspect bird because that can be the key to identification is many cases.
2) Shikra has a flight silhouette that is somewhere between Sparrowhawk and Levant Sparrowhawk in that it has 5 distinct primary 'fingers' on a soaring bird. Sparrowhawk has 6 whilst Levant Sparrowhawk has only 4 which gives it a very falcon like silhouette.
3) At all ages and in both sexes Shikra shows a distinct dark gular stripe which is absent in Sparrowhawk.
Juvenile Shikra, Kuwait. Showing tail bars, dark wingtip and gular stripe. Copyright Pekka Fagel
Juvenile Shikra, Kuwait. Showing gular stripe and pale eye ruling out Levant Sparrowhawk which always has a dark eye. Copyright Pekka Fagel
Adult Shikra, India. Showing gular stripe and undertail bars
Adult Shikra, The Gambia. Although a washed out photo the gular stripe and tail barring are still there (honestly!)
Juvenile Shikra, Kuwait. Note the 5 primary fingers and also the gular stripe even visible on this distant shot. Copyright Pekka Fagel.
Finding Orchids in Kent
This is a copy of an article I wrote way back in 2005 for the Great Yarmouth Bird Club quarterly bulletin. It's all still valid today so I hope it helps with any forays planned for 2013!
The May Trip
By now the afternoon was getting hot so we felt we’d deserved a rest and a cream tea before a bit of a drive to the last site of the day. Highly recommended tearooms were found right beside the wooden windmill in Stelling Minnis. So good in the sun that we almost decided to stay there for the rest of the day!
The very last visit of the day was to the curious man-made site of Samphire Hoe just off the A20 between Dover and Folkestone. The site is a designated country park below the white cliffs and was created from the spoil dug out of the Channel Tunnel. In the last few years an amazingly large colony of Early Spider Orchids has developed and these could not be easier to see. We ‘counted’ at least 3000 plants but were told that in 2004 there were in fact over 9000!
The June Trip
Our second trip to Kent was made on 19
June 2005 with the aim being similar to the first trip – to clean up on all the
orchids in flower at the time. And this we pretty much did!
First port of call was the conveniently
located Stockbury Hill Wood. This Kent Wildlife Trust reserve can be found just
off the M2/A249 junction between Sittingbourne and Maidstone. Access is by
turning off the M2 at junction onto the A249, taking the first exit right
(signed to ‘South Street’), following the loop road round to the right and
parking in the one space just as the road gets back to the dual carriageway at
TQ839605. Then walk back up the wooded hill you’ve just driven down. This is a
site for Lesser Butterfly Orchid that is supposed to occur in the first small
clearing in the wood as you walk up from the car. We failed to find any though,
despite them reportedy having been in flower just days before. We did however
find 7 Birdsnest Orchids right beside the road under a yew tree by the obvious
right hand bend at the top of the hill. Although they had gone over and died
off there were the remains at least 20 Lady Orchids in the woods too meaning
the site could be visited on a May trip. Common Twayblades were numerous.
Next we drove on into the North Downs to Wye Downs which is situated approx. 4 miles NE of Ashford. Here we visited 2 different locations. The first was the more westerly of the 2 and a short walk onto the downs north of the Wye to Stowting road revealed c20 Man Orchids, 3 Bee Orchids, and many Pyramidal and Common Spotted Orchids. This site too is the only UK site for the day-flying Black-veined Moth and we saw at least 10 of these in the long grass.
The other location on Wye Downs is further
east along the same road and the access is quite hidden so needs some
explaining. Between telepgraph poles 10 & 11 (they’re all numbered luckily)
on the north side of the road there is a gap in the hedge and a stile over
barbed wire. Over this stile is a bowl shaped grassy valley and by venturing
halfway up to the left side of the bowl and behind some hawthorne bushes Late
Spider Orchids protected by cages can easily be found. We saw some 65 of this
highly variable but nonetheless very rare species.
Our next stop was a return visit to Park Gate Down and in the middle of June the meadows there have to be seen to be believed. In under an hour we’d notched up tens of thousands of Fragrant Orchids (including 10+ white specimens), 6 Greater Butterfly Orchids, 21 Musk Orchids, 1 lingering Monkey Orchid and 1 Late Spider Orchid plus Common Spotted Orchids and Common Twayblades. The Musk Orchids here are to be found right beside the middle path in the 3rd meadow from the road but even with detailed directions we took ages to find this tiny and inconspicuous species. Into the bargain we also saw 2 Adonis Blue butterflies (brought to us in the hand!) and a Clouded Yellow.
This was East Blean Wood between Herne Bay and Canterbury, which is a well known site for Heath Fritillary. These rare butterflies used to occur right around the carpark but the mosiac of coppiced woodland habitat changes over the years so this time we needed to walk further into the wood before we found a sunny clearing and c15 of these beautiful fritillaries.
FINDING ORCHIDS IN KENT
Kent is widely known as The Garden of England and during the
months of early summer it certainly lives up to that name with its abundance of
wild and in many cases rare orchids.
This short article is intended as one to whet the appetite
of any birders who would like to venture out in search of orchids. Not only in
Kent but maybe even more locally. It is based on 2 day trips to Kent in
consecutive summers (2004 & 2005). Both trips were made on Sundays with the
long daylight hours and easy run down to Kent making these lengthy but easily
do-able days.
In Norfolk we are blessed with our own special orchids with
these being mainly marshland species due to the predominance of that habitat.
Kent however has an abundance of riches of woodland and downland species.
To see most of what Kent has to offer it’s necessary to make
2 visits, one in mid May for the early flowering species and another in mid
June for the later species. These timings also have the advantage of coinciding
with the flight times of 2 butterfly species which we can’t see in Norfolk
(Duke of Burgundy in May and Heath Fritillary in June) and the sites for these
can easily be taken in.
The May Trip
This trip was made on 16 May 2004 starting with a mid
morning visit to Denge Wood which is located about 7 miles SW of Canterbury
near the village of Sole Street.
Parking at the roadside pull-in at TR099501 and walking NNE
along the track into the wood the small reserve of Bonsai Bank was reached on
the left-hand side of the track at TR105511. This small scrubby clearing
contained good numbers of Duke of Burgundys, 200+ Lady Orchids, 50+ Early
Purple Orchids and a single White Helleborine which was unfortunately still in
bud. Common Twayblade was also present further into the woods.
Next on the agenda was the small woodland site of Yocklett’s
Bank which is only about 3 miles through the lanes going SE from Denge Wood.
This narrow strip of woodland on a scarp slope is named on the Ordnance Survey
map. We parked (with difficulty) on the narrow road that bisects the wood and
followed the obvious path into the northern section. Pretty soon we were
enjoying the tiny but enigmatic Fly Orchid with 20+ specimens in full flower
right beside the path. Also present on a short walk through the wood were small
numbers of Lady Orchid, Common Twayblade and frustratingly 2 Butterfly Orchid
sp which were not going to flower for another week or two. You’ll have realised
by now that this is an occupational hazzard with wild flowers. Trying to time
things to get all species in flower is nigh on impossible!
The third site of the day was probably what is the richest
small patch of downland in the North Downs – Park Gate Down. This steeply
sloped grassland site consists of 3 meadows separated by fences and can be
found at TR168458 about 2 miles E of the village of Stelling Minnis. The main attraction here on this visit was
the rare Monkey Orchid which is known from only this site and one in the
Chilterns. About 20 of these amazingly beautiful orchids were found relatively
easily in the first meadow. The flowers of this species really are aptly named
and some were starting to flower nicely. A visit at the end of May would
probably have seen many more in full flower. A stroll though the other meadows
produced c250 Early Purple Orchids, several Green-winged Orchids and Common
Twayblades.
By now the afternoon was getting hot so we felt we’d deserved a rest and a cream tea before a bit of a drive to the last site of the day. Highly recommended tearooms were found right beside the wooden windmill in Stelling Minnis. So good in the sun that we almost decided to stay there for the rest of the day!
The very last visit of the day was to the curious man-made site of Samphire Hoe just off the A20 between Dover and Folkestone. The site is a designated country park below the white cliffs and was created from the spoil dug out of the Channel Tunnel. In the last few years an amazingly large colony of Early Spider Orchids has developed and these could not be easier to see. We ‘counted’ at least 3000 plants but were told that in 2004 there were in fact over 9000!
The June Trip
Our second trip to Kent was made on 19
June 2005 with the aim being similar to the first trip – to clean up on all the
orchids in flower at the time. And this we pretty much did!
First port of call was the conveniently
located Stockbury Hill Wood. This Kent Wildlife Trust reserve can be found just
off the M2/A249 junction between Sittingbourne and Maidstone. Access is by
turning off the M2 at junction onto the A249, taking the first exit right
(signed to ‘South Street’), following the loop road round to the right and
parking in the one space just as the road gets back to the dual carriageway at
TQ839605. Then walk back up the wooded hill you’ve just driven down. This is a
site for Lesser Butterfly Orchid that is supposed to occur in the first small
clearing in the wood as you walk up from the car. We failed to find any though,
despite them reportedy having been in flower just days before. We did however
find 7 Birdsnest Orchids right beside the road under a yew tree by the obvious
right hand bend at the top of the hill. Although they had gone over and died
off there were the remains at least 20 Lady Orchids in the woods too meaning
the site could be visited on a May trip. Common Twayblades were numerous.
Next we drove on into the North Downs to Wye Downs which is situated approx. 4 miles NE of Ashford. Here we visited 2 different locations. The first was the more westerly of the 2 and a short walk onto the downs north of the Wye to Stowting road revealed c20 Man Orchids, 3 Bee Orchids, and many Pyramidal and Common Spotted Orchids. This site too is the only UK site for the day-flying Black-veined Moth and we saw at least 10 of these in the long grass.
The other location on Wye Downs is further
east along the same road and the access is quite hidden so needs some
explaining. Between telepgraph poles 10 & 11 (they’re all numbered luckily)
on the north side of the road there is a gap in the hedge and a stile over
barbed wire. Over this stile is a bowl shaped grassy valley and by venturing
halfway up to the left side of the bowl and behind some hawthorne bushes Late
Spider Orchids protected by cages can easily be found. We saw some 65 of this
highly variable but nonetheless very rare species.
Our next stop was a return visit to Park Gate Down and in the middle of June the meadows there have to be seen to be believed. In under an hour we’d notched up tens of thousands of Fragrant Orchids (including 10+ white specimens), 6 Greater Butterfly Orchids, 21 Musk Orchids, 1 lingering Monkey Orchid and 1 Late Spider Orchid plus Common Spotted Orchids and Common Twayblades. The Musk Orchids here are to be found right beside the middle path in the 3rd meadow from the road but even with detailed directions we took ages to find this tiny and inconspicuous species. Into the bargain we also saw 2 Adonis Blue butterflies (brought to us in the hand!) and a Clouded Yellow.
The second leg of the day involved a drive to east Kent and
initially the area around St Margarets where a member of the party was keen to
see the rarest of our native broomrapes – Oxtongue Broomrape. Walking north
along the clifftops we eventually found 3 pretty dried up specimens but boredom
pretty quickly set in and we headed quickly for Sandwich our next orchid site.
Here Lizard Orchids grow in very large numbers on the edge
of Royal St Georges Golf Course but also on roadside verges and memorably all
over the front lawn of one house! In addition, the member of our party who
shall remain unnamed (OK, it was Justin!) wanted to locate yet another
broomrape, this time Clove-scented Broomrape. Luckily we found 5 very close to
some Lizard Orchids near the toilet block on the edge of the GC. 5 minutes of
the rest of us yawning at yet more dried up flowers saw him take the hint and
we headed for our last port of call while there was still some strength left in
the sun.
This was East Blean Wood between Herne Bay and Canterbury, which is a well known site for Heath Fritillary. These rare butterflies used to occur right around the carpark but the mosiac of coppiced woodland habitat changes over the years so this time we needed to walk further into the wood before we found a sunny clearing and c15 of these beautiful fritillaries.
Back to the car and a burst of song from a Nightingale
brought an excellent day to an end.
Monkey Orchid
Lady Orchid
Late Spider Orchid
Fly Orchid
Orchid Finding in the Chilterns
I intend to post some orchid finding details in these pages over the coming weeks and months. Although these will be mainly Norfolk and Suffolk sites I thought I'd start with this direct copy of a Beds, Bucks, Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust leaflet on where to see which species on their reserves.
Asham Meads - Green winged May-Jul SP590146 Oxford OXON
Avery's Pightle Broad Leaved Helleborine Jul-Sep SU435651 Newbury BERKS
Bernwood Meadows - Green winged May-Jul SP606111 Oxford OXON
Cowcroft - Bee Orchid Jun-Jul SP986018 Chesham BUCKS
Dancersend - Bee Orchid SP900095 Wendover BUCKS
Dry Sandford Pit - Common Spotted, Early marsh May-Jul, Marsh helleborine Jul-AugSU467997 Oxford OXON
Foxholes - Early purple Apr-Jun SP254206 Burford OXON
Gomm Valley - Common Spotted SU896921 High Wycombe BUCKS
Hartslock - Lady, Monkey May-Jun SU616796 Goring OXON
Homefield Wood - Bee Orchid, Fly Orchid, Military Orchid May-Jun, SU814867 Marlow BUCKS
Hurley Chalk Pit - Bee Orchid, Fragrant Orchid, Pyramidal Orchid Jun-Aug, White Helleborine May-Jul SU813822 Henley OXON
Moor Copse - Early purple SU633738 Reading BERKS
Oakly Hill Common Spotted, White Helleborine SU753994 Chinnor BUCKS
Parsonage Moor Narrow-leaved marsh orchid - May-Jun Southern marsh orchid Jun-Aug SU462998 Oxford OXON
Pilch Field Bee Orchid, Early marsh, Green wingedSP749321 Buckingham BUCKS
Sydlings Copse Bee Orchid, Early purple, Lizard, Marsh helleborineSP559096 Oxford OXON
Warburg Bird's nest orchid May-Jun, Broad Leaved Helleborine, Fly orchid, Narrow lipped helleborine Jul-Aug
Pyramidal Orchid, Violet Helleborine Aug-Sep SU720879 Henley OXON
Warren Bank - Bee Orchid SU653859 Wallingford OXON
Watts - Fragrant Orchid SU331772 Lambourn BERKS
Weston Turville Early marsh SP859095 Aylesbury BUCKS
Westwell Gorge Pyramidal Orchid, Early purple, SP221113 Burford OXON
Woodsides Meadow Southern marsh orchid SP556177 Oxford OXON
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